The Sun, a vital source of energy for Earthgoes through periodic cycles that directly impact the spatial conditions around us.
Every 11 years, this king star reaches its heat peak before returning to its thermal emission pattern.
However, recent evidence indicates that this peak may occur surprisingly earlier than expected, bringing with it significant consequences for several living beings on planet Earth.
1. Revealing measurement of the solar cycle
Image: Shutterstock/Lukasz Pawel Szczepanski
Scientists from NASA monitor the solar cycle by counting sunspots on the Sun’s surface, which are indicative of intense magnetic activity.
Surprisingly, the number of these spots exceeded predictions and persisted in growth for 30 consecutive months.
The peak occurred in December 2022, recording the highest number in eight years. In June 2023, sunspots reached their highest value since September 2002.
2. Signs of imminent thermal rise
Another crucial indicator is the decrease in clouds noctilucent, rare fog-like formations that occur in the upper Earth’s atmosphere.
Composed of ice crystals, these clouds are visible during astronomical twilight.
In 2023, the sighting of these clouds decreased considerably between June and August, due to increased solar radiation, warming the mesosphere and reducing the water vapor necessary for their formation.
3. Glows and luminescence as visual indicators
A visual phenomenon, known as atmospheric glow or airglow, becomes more frequent as the Sun warms.
Energetic particles penetrating Earth’s magnetosphere excite gas molecules in the upper atmosphere, resulting in a gradual, colorful glow.
In July of this year, observations revealed a significant increase in the occurrence of this phenomenon, which persisted in the following months.
In short, these three signs point to a possible anticipation of peak solar heating, warning of potential impacts on communications, energy systems and space activities.
Constant monitoring of these indicators is crucial to understanding and mitigating the effects of this imminent solar change.
